RELIGIOUS CENTERS IN ANCIENT KHOREZM AND THEIR ROLE IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF KOYKIRILGANKALA AND TOPROKKALA
Keywords:
Ancient Khorezm, Koykirilgankala, Toprokkala, religious center, astronomical observation, Zoroastrianism, fertility goddess, temple, archaeological findings, fortification structures.Abstract
This article analyzes the archaeological sites of Qoyqirilganqala and Toprokkala, located in the ancient Khorezm region. Based on archaeological excavations, the study highlights the defensive architecture, religious functions, and social life of the population. Particular emphasis is placed on Zoroastrian temples, worship of the fertility goddess, and evidence of astronomical observations, which indicate the presence of religious and scientific centers in ancient Khorezm.
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