UNDERSTANDING RABIES: CHALLENGES AND ADVANCES IN CONTROL AND PREVENTION
Keywords:
Rabies, zoonosis, rabies virus, post-exposure prophylaxis, vaccination, One Health, epidemiology.Abstract
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic viral disease that affects the central nervous system of mammals, including humans. Despite being preventable through vaccination, rabies continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. This article reviews the pathogenesis of rabies virus infection, the epidemiology and modes of transmission, current preventive measures including post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and the challenges faced in global rabies control. Emphasis is placed on the need for integrated One Health approaches to eliminate human rabies worldwide.
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References
World Health Organization (2022). Rabies Fact Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rabies
Fooks, A. R., Banyard, A. C., Horton, D. L., Johnson, N., McElhinney, L. M., & Jackson, A. C. (2014). Current status of rabies and prospects for elimination. The Lancet, 384(9951), 1389-1399.
Hampson, K., et al. (2015). Estimating the global burden of endemic canine rabies. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9(4), e0003709.
Hemachudha, T., et al. (2013). Human rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. The Lancet Neurology, 12(5), 498-513.
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