FROM THE HISTORY OF THE PROTECTION OF MATERIAL AND CULTURAL MONUMENTS IN UZBEKISTAN DURING THE YEARS OF SOVIET RULE

Abstract

This article analyzes the policy implemented in Uzbekistan in the early years of Soviet power on the preservation and protection of material and cultural monuments. The author emphasizes that despite the coming to power of the Bolsheviks in Turkestan and the adoption of documents such as the "Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia", the national and spiritual values ​​of the local population were practically destroyed. The article discusses the organizations created under the People's Commissariat of Education to protect museums and monuments, as well as decrees aimed at transferring material assets to the state treasury, including the decree "On Land" and its impact on endowment properties.

The Soviet government's decree "On the Separation of Church from State and School from Church", aimed at restricting religion, and its impact on cultural institutions is also analyzed. The article discusses in detail the establishment of the Turkestan People's Museum, its activities, as well as documents and measures adopted on the registration, accounting and protection of cultural monuments. The author particularly noted the role of archaeological excavations in Turkestan, the establishment of new scientific institutions, in particular, the Turkestan Oriental Institute and the Art Research Institute.