MODERN PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN ADULTS
Keywords:
urinary tract infections; urinary tract abnormalities; catheter-associated infections; pyelonephritis; papillary necrosis; kidney transplantation; diabetes; antibacterial prophylaxis.Abstract
This article examines anatomical and functional abnormalities of the urinary tract that disrupt natural defense mechanisms and increase the risk of infections in both sexes. Particular attention is given to complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (pyelonephritis, papillary necrosis, septicemia, abscesses), as well as infections in kidney transplant recipients. Catheter-associated infections are highlighted as a leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia, and modern approaches to their prevention are described. The role of low-dose antibacterial prophylaxis is discussed in detail, including its application in pregnant women and patients with recurrent infections.
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