STRUCTURE–ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (SAR) ANALYSIS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND THEIR PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES

Authors

  • Afruza Axmadovna Narziyeva Lecturer in instrumental methods of drug analysis Department of General Subjects Asia International University Bukhara, Uzbekistan

Keywords:

Glucocorticoids, steroid hormones, SAR analysis, cortisol, prednisolone, dexamethasone, anti-inflammatory, chemical structure, pharmacological activity.

Abstract

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones produced in the adrenal cortex that play a vital role in regulating metabolism, inflammatory processes, and immune responses in the human body. Both natural glucocorticoids (such as cortisol) and their synthetic derivatives are widely used in pharmacology. They possess anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, immunosuppressive properties and are life-saving drugs in shock conditions.
One of the most important factors determining the activity of glucocorticoids is their chemical structure. Therefore, studying their structure–activity relationship (SAR) is one of the key areas in medicinal chemistry. Through SAR analysis, it becomes possible to understand how small structural modifications in the molecule affect biological activity, thereby enabling the design of new and more effective therapeutic agents. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases; however, systemic delivery of GCs is associated with side-effects that affect essentially every organ system .“One of the most important factors determining the activity of glucocorticoids is their chemical structure. … In this review, we summarize current data on design of GC side-effects in animals over the past years.“. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones that play a role in physiological processes and are widely used as immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agents […] however, their clinical use is restricted due to a wide range of complications associated with their long-term topical and systemic use.“

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Williams & Lemke. Foye’s Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 8th Ed. Wolters Kluwer, 2023.

Goodman & Gilman. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 13th Ed. McGraw-Hill, 2022.

Katzung, B. G. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 15th Ed. McGraw-Hill, 2021.

State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 12th Ed. Tashkent, 2023.

European Pharmacopoeia, 11th Ed. Council of Europe, 2024.

Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Elsevier, 2024.

Kuznetsov, V. I. Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytical Methods. GEOTAR-Media, 2018.

Rang, H. P., Dale, M. M., Ritter, J. M., Flower, R. J. Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology, 9th Ed. Elsevier, 2020.

Brunton, L. L., Knollmann, B. C., Hilal-Dandan, R. Goodman and Gilman’s Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGraw-Hill, 2019.

Shilov, V. N. Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism. Meditsina, 2017

Downloads

Published

2025-10-26

How to Cite

Afruza Axmadovna Narziyeva. (2025). STRUCTURE–ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (SAR) ANALYSIS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND THEIR PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES. Journal of Applied Science and Social Science, 15(10), 1335–1339. Retrieved from https://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass/article/view/2229

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 10 (2025): Volume 15 Issue 10

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

All content published in the Journal of Applied Science and Social Science (JASSS) is protected by copyright. Authors retain the copyright to their work, and grant JASSS the right to publish the work under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). This license allows others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as they credit the author(s) for the original creation.