DEVELOPMENT OF RICE SOWING TECHNOLOGY WITH SEEDLINGS IN KARAKALKALPAKSTAN
Keywords:
rice, irrigation, seedling, nursery, successive cropping, water measurement, winter wheat, growth stage, rice variety, traditional method, technology.Abstract
The purpose of this research is to scientifically substantiate and evaluate the possibilities of introducing into production a water-saving and high-quality yield technology of cultivating rice by the seedling method as a successive crop after winter wheat under the arid and saline-prone conditions of Karakalpakstan. The experiments were carried out in the fields of the Grain and Rice Scientific Production Association. The ultra-early maturing variety “Gulistan” and the long-grain variety “Almaz” were grown in a nursery for 30–35 days and then transplanted into the field. Among the seedling planting schemes, the 15×10×3 cm scheme (three seedlings per hill) proved superior in terms of the main biometric indicators (number of productive stems, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight) and final yield compared to the control — hand broadcasting of seeds into water. Measurements made with water meters installed at the water inlet of the field showed that the total irrigation norm under the seedling method was reduced by about 9,000 m³/ha. Economic calculations confirmed a decrease in total costs, an increase in gross income and net profit, as well as a significant improvement in profitability. The results indicate that the introduction of the seedling method of rice cultivation as a successive crop contributes to increasing water productivity and farmers’ income.
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