THE EFFECT OF HEMODIALYSIS ON LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

Abstract

Chronic renal failure (CRF) represents a progressive and irreversible loss of renal function, leading to the accumulation of toxic metabolic products and severe disturbances in homeostasis. As renal excretory capacity declines, patients develop azotemia, electrolyte imbalances, acid-base disorders, and anemia, all of which are reflected in laboratory findings. Hemodialysis (HD) serves as an essential renal replacement therapy that substitutes part of kidney function by filtering the blood through a semipermeable membrane to remove uremic toxins and excess fluids.

This study discusses the effect of hemodialysis on various biochemical and hematological laboratory parameters in patients with chronic renal failure. It highlights how regular dialysis sessions alter serum urea, creatinine, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate), and acid-base indicators, as well as hematologic parameters such as hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. The findings demonstrate that hemodialysis plays a vital role in restoring physiological balance, reducing symptoms of uremia, and improving patients’ overall clinical status.

Moreover, the annotation emphasizes that despite its therapeutic benefits, hemodialysis does not fully replace the natural regulatory and endocrine functions of the kidney. Therefore, continuous monitoring of laboratory markers is necessary to evaluate treatment adequacy, detect potential complications, and adjust therapy protocols. The integration of improved dialysis technology, high-efficiency filters, and patient-specific treatment planning ensures optimal biochemical correction and better long-term outcomes in chronic renal failure management.