ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE EXPANSION IN UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

Uzbekistan is undergoing a major transformation in its transportation and energy sectors, driven by the national goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and modernizing mobility systems. The rapid expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) presents a promising opportunity to reduce fossil fuel dependence and mitigate environmental degradation. However, a successful transition requires a comprehensive understanding of the environmental implications of EV deployment, including lifecycle emissions, electricity mix, battery production, end-of-life management, and ecological impacts. This study assesses the environmental effects of EV expansion in Uzbekistan by examining four key components: (1) air quality improvement potential, (2) greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions, (3) environmental pressures related to electricity production and battery manufacturing, and (4) long-term sustainability aligned with the national “Green Economy Strategy 2030.” Results indicate that widespread EV adoption could reduce national CO₂ emissions from the transport sector by up to 28–32% by 2030, assuming increased incorporation of renewable energy sources. However, challenges persist in battery waste management, lithium resource dependence, and electricity grid carbon intensity. The paper concludes with recommendations for sustainable EV growth, including renewable-powered charging infrastructure, circular battery systems, and environmental policy integration.