CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN DIABETES MELLITUS

Authors

  • Li Juing Peng Medical researcher

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders worldwide, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The global burden of diabetes has increased dramatically in recent decades, driven by lifestyle changes, urbanization, and rising obesity rates. This article reviews the pathophysiology of diabetes, current diagnostic criteria, and modern approaches to treatment. The study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, lifestyle modification, and the use of novel therapeutic agents in reducing morbidity and mortality.

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References

American Diabetes Association. (2024). Standards of Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 47(Suppl 1), S1–S158.

International Diabetes Federation. (2023). IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th Edition. Brussels: IDF.

Holt RIG, Cockram C, Flyvbjerg A, Goldstein BJ. (2021). Textbook of Diabetes. 5th ed. Wiley-Blackwell.

DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Zimmet P, Alberti KG. (2022). International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus. 5th ed. Wiley.

Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, et al. (2015). Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med, 373(22), 2117–2128.

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Published

2025-12-06

How to Cite

Li Juing Peng. (2025). CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN DIABETES MELLITUS. Journal of Applied Science and Social Science, 15(12), 169–171. Retrieved from https://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass/article/view/2554

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 12 (2025): Volume 15 Issue 12

Section

Articles

License

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