PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG ADOLESCENTS, RISK FACTORS, AND IMPROVEMENT OF MEDICAL AND SOCIAL CARE

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus among adolescents has become an increasingly important global public health concern due to its rising prevalence and long-term health consequences. Once considered predominantly an adult disease, diabetes is now frequently diagnosed during adolescence, driven by a combination of genetic predisposition, lifestyle changes, obesity, and socioeconomic factors. This scientific analytical study aims to examine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adolescents, identify major risk factors, and evaluate approaches for improving medical and social care. The analysis is based on a review of international epidemiological data, clinical studies, and public health reports. The findings indicate a steady increase in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes among adolescents, with type 2 diabetes showing particularly rapid growth in recent years. Key risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary habits, family history of diabetes, and psychosocial stress. In addition, limited access to healthcare services and inadequate social support significantly affect disease management and outcomes. The study highlights the importance of integrated care models that combine medical treatment with psychological, family, school-based, and community-level interventions. Strengthening preventive strategies, early screening programs, and multidisciplinary care systems is essential for reducing disease burden and improving long-term health outcomes among adolescents with diabetes mellitus.