AGGRESSION IN MILITARY PERSONNEL: CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES, TYPOLOGIES, AND RISK PATHWAYS IN SERVICE CONTEXT

Abstract

The term aggression originates from Latin (aggredi), meaning “to attack” or “to act aggressively.” In psychology, aggression has been conceptualized through diverse theoretical lenses, and it is frequently evaluated as a negative phenomenon by scholars such as X. Delgado, A.A. Bass, L.M. Semenyuk, G. Parens, A. Bandura, R. Walters, and Yu. Mojginskiy. At the same time, some approaches emphasize constructive or adaptive functions of aggression. This article provides an IMRAD-structured theoretical review that integrates classical definitions, typologies, and explanatory mechanisms of aggression, and adapts them to the military service context. It outlines aggression forms (physical, indirect, verbal), describes motivational classifications (voluntary/hostile vs instrumental), and summarizes multilevel risk pathways relevant to military personnel, including frustration, perceived threat, emotional dysregulation, normative climate, and social learning processes. The review concludes with implications for prevention and psychological support within military institutions.