MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MALASSEZIA SPECIES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISORDERS

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological characteristics and pathogenic implications of fungi belonging to the genus Malassezia, a prominent component of the human cutaneous microbiota. As lipophilic, dimorphic yeasts, Malassezia species are typically commensal; however, under specific physiological or environmental conditions, they transition into opportunistic pathogens, triggering various inflammatory skin disorders. This research investigates the mechanisms by which these yeasts contribute to the etiology of seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor, dandruff, and Malassezia folliculitis.Special emphasis is placed on the metabolic pathways of predominant species, specifically M. globosa, M. restricta, and M. furfur. The study elucidates how the secretion of extracellular enzymes, such as lipases and phospholipases, facilitates the hydrolysis of skin surface triglycerides into pro-inflammatory free fatty acids, thereby compromising the epidermal barrier integrity. Our findings, based on a cohort of 50 clinical cases, correlate fungal colonization density with the severity of clinical manifestations. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the efficacy of modern antifungal interventions, comparing the susceptibility of various strains to azole derivatives and other fungicidal agents. The results underscore the necessity of species-level identification in clinical practice to optimize therapeutic outcomes. This research serves as a theoretical and practical framework for developing targeted treatments that restore the microbiological equilibrium of the skin.