REDUCTION OF WIND-INDUCED AERODYNAMIC RESISTANCE ON THE AFROSIYOB HIGH-SPEED ELECTRIC TRAIN THROUGH RETROFIT MODIFICATIONS OF THE PANTOGRAPH ZONE, WAGON SPACING, AND BOGIE SECTION: COUPLED MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND ROBUST OPTIMIZATION
Keywords:
Afrosiyob, aerodynamic drag, crosswind, pantograph, inter-car gap, bogie fairing, coupling, robust optimization, CDAAbstract
In high-speed electric trains, aerodynamic resistance increases sharply with increasing speed, and in wind (headwind/crosswind) conditions, the relative flow velocity and the appearance of the yaw angle further increase drag and energy consumption. This work proposes a mathematical model for the Afrosiyob train that combines (coupled) evaluation of retrophytic modifications by pantograph zone, wagon spacing (inter-car gap) and bogie/bottom. The main idea of the model is that simple addition of individual solutions by zones does not always give a general optimum; therefore, the CDA drag-area is represented by the term of zonal decomposition and interzonal coupling. This framework is connected to the robust optimization problem under wind statistics, aiming to simultaneously improve the expected energy in moderate conditions and the risk indicator in strong wind conditions. The results are obtained through 6-Simulation ablation (base, separate 3 zones, coupling zero sum, coupled optimum).
Downloads
References
Wang T, Dong H, Liang Y, Liu X, Lu H, Liu Z, Wang S. Research on aerodynamic drag reduction for 400 km/h high-speed trains based on local optimization. Advances in Wind Engineering. 2025;2:100056. doi:10.1016/j.awe.2025.100056.
Sun Z-K, Wang T-T, Wu F-W. Numerical investigation of influence of pantograph parameters and train length on aerodynamic drag of high-speed train. Journal of Central South University. 2020;27:1334–1350. doi:10.1007/s11771-020-4370-6.
Xu G, Li C, Zhang L, Liang X. Effect of two bogie cavity configurations on the underbody flow and near wake structures of a high-speed train. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics. 2019;12(6):1817–1828. doi:10.29252/jafm.12.06.29938.
Wang J, Minelli G, Dong T, Chen G, Krajnović S. The effect of bogie fairings on the slipstream and wake flow of a high-speed train: An IDDES study. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2019;191:183–202. doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2019.06.010.
Wang J, Minelli G, Miao X, Zhang J, Wang T, Gao G, Krajnović S. The Effect of Bogie Positions on the Aerodynamic Behavior of a High-Speed Train: An IDDES Study. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion. 2021;107:257–282. doi:10.1007/s10494-020-00236-9.
Zhang J, et al. Effect of simplifying bogie regions on aerodynamic performance of a high-speed train. Journal of Central South University. 2022. doi:10.1007/s11771-022-4948-2.
Menter FR. Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications. AIAA Journal. 1994;32(8):1598–1605.
Davis WJ. The Tractive Resistance of Electric Locomotives and Cars. General Electric Review. 1926.
Rakhmatova N, Nishonov BE, Shardakova L, Akhmedova A, Khudoyberdiev A, Rakhmatova V, Belikov DA. Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Dust Storms in Uzbekistan from Meteorological Station Records (2010–2023). Atmosphere. 2025;16(7):782. doi:10.3390/atmos16070782.
Global Wind Atlas (DTU Wind Energy & World Bank Group). Global Wind Atlas: wind resource dataset and maps. (Accessed: 2026-02-23).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All content published in the Journal of Applied Science and Social Science (JASSS) is protected by copyright. Authors retain the copyright to their work, and grant JASSS the right to publish the work under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). This license allows others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as they credit the author(s) for the original creation.
