BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF WATER SOURCES AND ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN
Keywords:
acute intestinal infections, diarrhea, etiology, bacteria, water, regions, bacteriological methods, causative agents.Abstract
In recent years, increasing evidence has highlighted the significant role of the intestinal microbiome in the overall functioning of the human body. The composition of the intestinal microflora influences the immune system, metabolic processes, and even human behavior. Therefore, maintaining an optimal balance in the gut microbiome is essential for overall health. This study aimed to evaluate the compliance of drinking water used by residents of the Republic of Karakalpakstan with state standards and hygienic regulations, and to assess its impact on the dynamics of acute intestinal diseases. Laboratory studies were conducted using bacteriological, bacterioscopic, and statistical methods. Various nutrient media, including Endo, Levine, and Ploskirev’s media, were used to isolate different species of pathogenic bacteria. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed from 3,944 patients diagnosed with acute intestinal diseases during the study period. Findings indicate that in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the incidence of acute intestinal diseases is primarily linked to bacterial contamination of open water bodies. The predominant causative agents identified were Proteus, Klebsiella, and Shigella. The foodborne transmission route was found to be the most common mode of infection, followed by contact and household transmission. The majority of affected individuals were children under 14 years of age, particularly preschool-aged children who were not enrolled in organized childcare facilities. Furthermore, an annual increase in cases of acute intestinal infections of unknown etiology has been recorded in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. Addressing this growing public health concern requires a comprehensive and systematic approach, integrating improved water quality control, enhanced diagnostic methods, and effective preventive measures.
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