CHRONIC PAIN

Abstract

Chronic tonsillitis is a persistent inflammation of the palatine tonsils, often resulting from recurrent bacterial or viral infections. The condition is characterized by symptoms such as persistent sore throat, bad breath, and difficulty swallowing, which can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life. The underlying pathophysiology involves bacterial biofilms, immune dysregulation, and chronic inflammation leading to hypertrophy and cryptic debris accumulation. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, microbiological testing, and imaging studies when complications are suspected. Management strategies range from conservative treatments, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications, to surgical intervention via tonsillectomy in severe or recurrent cases. Complications of untreated chronic tonsillitis can include peritonsillar abscesses, systemic infections, and obstructive sleep apnea. Ongoing research into biofilm resistance and immune modulation may lead to more effective therapeutic approaches in the future.