FORECASTING AND PREVENTION OF SPIKE FORMATION IN ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION

Abstract

This article is dedicated to studying the mechanisms of adhesion formation in acute intestinal obstruction (AIO) and developing effective methods for their forecasting and prevention. The study involved a comprehensive analysis of clinical data from 300 patients, experimental work using anti-adhesion barrier materials, and molecular-biological research. Key risk factors for adhesion formation were identified, including the duration of surgery lasting more than 90 minutes, the presence of inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity, and the use of open surgical methods. The analysis of molecular markers such as CRP, IL-6, TGF-β, as well as genetic polymorphisms of COL1A1 and COL3A1, allowed for the identification of risk groups and the proposal of a personalized approach to prevention. The results showed that the use of anti-adhesion barrier materials based on hyaluronic acid reduced the incidence of adhesion formation from 62% to 18%. A comprehensive prevention algorithm was developed, including preoperative testing, minimizing surgical trauma, using modern materials, and implementing early rehabilitation programs. The introduction of this algorithm led to a reduction in the incidence of adhesions to 22%, a decrease in repeated hospitalizations to 10%, and a reduction in the average length of hospitalization from 14 to 9 days. The results confirm the effectiveness of the comprehensive approach and justify the need for its implementation in clinical practice to improve treatment outcomes and enhance the quality of life for patients