DEVELOPING PUPILS' METACOGNITIVE SKILLS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION: A KEY TO INDEPENDENT LEARNING
Keywords:
Metacognition, primary education, self-regulation, goal-setting, reflection, learning strategies, cognitive developmentAbstract
Metacognitive skills are critical for effective learning, as they enable pupils to regulate their cognitive processes. In primary education, developing these skills can lead to enhanced academic achievement and promote lifelong learning habits. This article explores the importance of fostering metacognition in young learners, discussing practical strategies for teachers to develop pupils' metacognitive abilities. By encouraging self-awareness, goal-setting, reflection, and strategy use, teachers can empower primary school pupils to become independent and self-regulated learners. This article also highlights the challenges in implementing metacognitive strategies and provides a framework for educators to integrate metacognition into the classroom effectively.
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References
Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906-911.
Schraw, G., & Dennison, R. S. (1994). Assessing metacognitive awareness. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 19(4), 460-475.
Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview. Theory into Practice, 41(2), 64-70.
Paris, S. G., & Winograd, P. (1990). Metacognition and the acquisition of reading comprehension skills. In D. Shunk & B. Zimmerman (Eds.), Self-regulated learning and academic achievement (pp. 51-70). Springer.
Boekaerts, M. (1999). Self-regulated learning: Where we are today. International Journal of Educational Research, 31(6), 445-457.
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